Course: COVID-19 Orientation for Frontline Healthcare Providers in the Acute Care Setting

General
General
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COVID-19 Orientation for Frontline Healthcare Providers in the Acute Care Setting Homepage
This course on COVID-19 Orientation for Frontline Healthcare Providers in the Acute Care Setting is designed to educate and prepare frontline healthcare workers for patient care during the COVID-19 pandemic outbreak. It utilizes an all-inclusive, centered approach to the management of the disease by providing information about healthcare worker protection, care of the COVID-19-positive patient, and the activation and utilization of the global healthcare community to combat the pandemic. All parts of this training are free, including registration, learning, testing, and a certificate of completion. This course is intended for primary-care physicians, nurses, and allied health professionals in training and in practice.

This COVID-19 Orientation for Frontline Healthcare Providers in the Acute Care Setting course was developed in partnership with Marquette University, Nurses International, NurseTim Incorporated. Like all NextGenU.org courses, the course is competency-based; using competencies from a Multisociety Task Force Recommendations of Competencies in Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine. In addition, the COVID-19 Orientation for Frontline Healthcare Providers in the Acute Care Setting course uses resources from accredited world-class organizations, including the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, the American Heart Association, and the World Health Organization. The course developers are J. Carlyle Schlabach, MD, Board Certified Family Physician, Kathleen Capone, MS, RN, CNE, Jacqueline Christianson, MSN, FNP-C, Madison Cox, MSN, RN, LuAnn Etcher, PhD, GNP-BC, CPG, Nicole Giancaterino, DNP, RNC-OB, CNE, Theresa Jones, PhD, MSN, BSN, AASN, RN-BC, Stacen A. Keating, PhD, RN, Vicky A. Keys, DNP, MSN, RN-BC, ACNS-BC, Hernani L. Ledesma Jr., DNP, EdD, MSIDT(c), MSN, MHA, RN, CNE, Stephanie Terry, PhD, RN, CNE, Bonnie Velez, CRNP, FNP, Chasya Wiseman MSN, RN, CMSRN, Lindsay Burner, DNP, FNP-C, RN, Valeria Reynolds Cortez MD, MPH, and Hugo Andres Rojas Aldieri MD, MSc.

This course includes 8 modules to complete and provides:
1. An introduction to physical and psychological protective practices for healthcare workers;
2. Overview of COVID-19 risk factors, screening, diagnostic processes, treatment protocols for hospitalized and critical patients, and complications;
3. Skills to recognize factors to consider when deciding to cease lifesaving measures in COVID-19 patients, comparing and contrasting clinical guidelines for protocols across multiple healthcare systems; and
4. Strategies for identifying credible sources for ongoing COVID-19 information.
The course requires the completion of peer activities. At the end of each lesson, there is a practice quiz. At the end of the course, after you’ve completed each lesson, quiz, and activity, you’ll have access to a final exam, and a chance to assess the training. Once you’ve passed that last test, you will be able to download a certificate of completion from NextGenU.org and our course’s co-sponsoring organizations (listed above). We keep all of your personal information confidential, never sell any of your information, and only use anonymized data for research purposes, and we are also happy to report your testing information and share your work with anyone (your school, employer, etc.) at your request. We hope that you will find this a rewarding learning experience, and we count on your feedback to help us improve this training for future students.

Approximate time for the required readings in this course is 19 hours at an average reading rate of 144 words/minute; in addition, there are required activities as described above.

The results of your assessments will be provided to you, and we can report your testing information and share your work with anyone you request (school, employer, etc.). The evaluation you provide at the course’s conclusion will help us improve the training for future students. We hope you find this COVID-19 Orientation for Frontline Healthcare Providers in the Acute Care Setting course a wonderful learning experience!

Engaging with this Course:

You may browse this course for free to learn for your personal enrichment; there are no requirements.

To obtain a certificate:
- Show in the registration fields that you have the appropriate prerequisites to be certified. This course is for healthcare workers.
- Complete all the reading requirements.
- Complete all quizzes and pass with a 70% with unlimited attempts..
- Complete 4 peer activity and associated certification quizzes.
- Successfully complete the final exam with a minimum of 70% and a maximum of 3 attempts.
- Complete the self and course evaluation forms.
To obtain credit:
Complete all requirements listed above for the certificate.

Your learning institution or workplace should approve the partner-university-sponsored NextGenU.org course for educational credit, as they would for their learner taking a course anywhere.

NextGenU.org is happy to provide your institution with:

a link to and description of the course training, so they can see all its components, including the cosponsoring universities and other professional organization cosponsors

your grade on the final exam

your work products (e.g. peer and mentored activities), and any other required or optional shared materials that you produce and authorize to share with them

your evaluations -- course, self, peer, and mentor assessments.

a copy of your certificate of completion, with the co-sponsoring universities and other organizations listed

We hope that you will find this a rewarding learning experience, and we count on your assessment and feedback to help us improve this training for future students.

To obtain a degree, NextGenU.org co-sponsors degree programs with institutional partners. To obtain a degree co-sponsored with NextGenU.org, registrants must be enrolled in a degree program as a student of a NextGenU.org institutional partner. If you think that your institution might be interested in offering a degree with NextGenU.org contact us.

Next Steps

Complete the registration form.
Begin the course with COVID-19 Introductory Video, after watching it, start with Module 1: Introduction- Healthcare Worker Protection. In each lesson, read the description, complete all required readings and any required activity, and take the corresponding quizzes.

Some content is from the experiences of practitioners in the field as they develop treatment protocols and is not based on clinical trials or peer-reviewed evidence in all cases. Check with your institution for information regarding current treatment protocols. Whenever content of this nature is being used in this course you'll see a "From the Field" label before the content is shared.

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COVID-19 Orientation for Frontline Healthcare Providers in the Acute Care Setting

Welcome to the COVID-19 Orientation for Frontline Healthcare Providers in the Acute Care Setting!

To provide you with an enhanced learning experience, you will find the competencies in the module descriptions, the learning objectives in the lesson descriptions, and the learning outcomes in each lesson's drop-down box.

Learning outcomes state what you should be able to do by the end of the lesson. In some cases, quizzes and additional activities will cover more than one learning outcome.
Module 1: Introduction to COVID-19
Competencies covered in this module

Demonstrate knowledge of infections including management principles: including epidemiology, types of organisms - emergence of resistant strains, mode of transfer, opportunistic and nosocomial infections; difference between contamination, colonization & infection, and diagnostic strategies.
Module 1: Lesson 1: COVID-19 The Basics
Learning objectives:
- Describe basic aspects of COVID-19 epidemiology, pathophysiology, transmission, diagnosis, and treatment.
Approximate time required for the readings for this lesson (at 144 words/minute): 125 mins

Click here to start this lesson
7 URLs
- Required Learning Resources and Activities
- Introduction to COVID-19 URL
  This introductory video training was created and presented by Jacqueline Christianson, MSN, FNP-C, and was begun as she was working on the frontlines of the COVID-19 pandemic in New York City as a registered nurse practitioner in April 2020, a NYC peak time of COVID-19. Please begin this course by viewing the video posted below as it provides an overview of the discussions in the course.
- Click Here to learn how to add Closed Captions and/or modify the video playback speed
- How Coronaviruses Work URL
  Wacht the entire video.
- Describe the basics of the epidemiology, clinical presentation, and transmition of COVID-19
- Overview of COVID-19: Epidemiology, Clinical Presentation, and Transmission URL
  Read the entire webpage.
- Recognize considerations for COVID-19 management in special populations
- Special Populations URL
  Read the entire section on Special Populations, click on the subsections (Pregnancy and Post-delivery, Children, Transplant) on your left and read ALL the provided content.
- Clinical Manifestations, Risk Factors, and Maternal and Perinatal Outcomes of Coronavirus Disease 2019 in Pregnancy: Living Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis URL
  Read the entire webpage
- Describe basic aspects regarding the pathophysiology, transmission, diagnosis, and treatment of COVID-19
- Pathophysiology, Transmission, Diagnosis, and Treatment of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) URL
  Read the entire article.
- Contrast the nomenclature of the virus and the disease.
  
  Identify basic virology and transmission aspects of COVID-19.
- COVID-19: Epidemiology, Virology and Clinical Features URL
  Read the entire page.
- Quiz: Module 1: Lesson 1
  Restricted Not available unless:
  The activity Course Registration is marked complete
  The activity Pre-Test is marked complete
  
  To access the quiz, click on the name of the quiz provided above. On the following screen, click the "Preview quiz now" button to respond to the questions.
Module 1: Lesson 2: Initial Considerations for Frontline Healthcare Workers
Learning objectives:
- Understand initial measures for preparing healthcare facilities and communities to respond to COVID-19.
Approximate time required for the readings for this lesson (at 144 words/minute): 83 mins

Click here to start this lesson
7 URLs, 1 Quiz
- Required Learning Resources and Activities
- Recognize response approaches to COVID-19 for rural healthcare systems and communities
- Rural Communities URL
  Read the entire page to learn about considerations for COVID-19 response un rural communities. Explore the links at the end of the page to look for relevant information in your area of expertise.
- Recognize elements that need to be evaluated to determine Facility Readiness to respond to COVID-19
- Facility Readiness Assessment for Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) URL
  Read the entire document to learn about how to evaluate your facility readiness for COVID-19.
- Describe the actions that need to be taken to improve infection and prevention control in healthcare facilities
- Considerations for Integrating Infection Prevention and Control into National Pandemic Preparedness and Response Planning for Coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) URL
  Read the entire document to learn more preparedness and response planning for COVID-19
- Describe the concept of COVID-19 mitigation.
  
  Describe how to interpret a mitigation, mobility, and epidemiology graph.
- Community Mitigation URL
  Watch the video and read the entire page. You can click on the links to find relevant information in your area of expertise.
- Home care for patients with suspected or confirmed COVID-19 and management of their contacts URL
  Read all the document
- Summarize recommended measures to minimize COVID-19 nosocomial infections.
- Minimising Nosocomial Infections in the NHS URL
  Read the first four pages in detail, then skim through the pictures on the remaining pages.
- Quiz: Module 1: Lesson 2
  To access the quiz, click on the name of the quiz provided above. On the following screen, click the "Preview quiz now" button to respond to the questions.
- Additional Resources for Optional Learning
- COVID-19: Infection Prevention and Control Guidance URL
  This resource is oriented for healthcare workers in managerial positions or workers that are involved in response planning. Download and read the sections that are relevant to your area of practice.
Module 2: Prevention and Control
Competencies covered in this module
- Implement and advocate for universal precautions and preventative infection control techniques (hand washing, gloves, protective clothing, sharps disposal etc.)
Click here for the brief module introduction
- Physical protection for healthcare workers includes PPE for workers and patients, proactive engineering and administrative practices, and proper decontamination of inanimate objects. Ideally, virus filters should be placed on all endotracheal tubes and BiPAP machines. Strong consideration should be given regarding the risk of staff exposure when intubation, BiPAP, and any aerosolizing procedure treatments are utilized.
  Please begin this module by viewing the video posted below as it provides an overview of Physical Protection for Healthcare Workers.
  From the field: Some hospitals are considering deferring these treatments if staff protection is not available.
Module 2: Lesson 1: Physical Protection for Healthcare Workers
Learning objectives:
- Apply conceptual aspects of physical protective practices, disinfection, and personal protective equipment.
Approximate time required for the readings for this lesson (at 144 words/minute): 110 mins

Click here to start this lesson
6 URLs, 1 Quiz
- The following contains some information from the field.
  The information surrounding personal protective equipment (PPE) is varied and ever-changing as knowledge of the virus evolves. PPE recommendations will also vary based on job function, location, facility policy, and available supply. Ideally, healthcare workers will wear a fit-tested N95 mask or powered, air-purifying respirator (PAPR) when they are working within a 6-foot radius of COVID-19-positive patients. Additional PPE, as indicated, includes face shields, shoe covers, and hair covers/bouffant caps, fluid-resistant gowns, and gloves (NIH, 2020).
  Even the N95 respirator mask is not 100% protective (the N95 filters out particles >0.3 microns, whereas COVID-19 is a 0.125-micron virus size), so it is important to utilize both engineering and administrative protection to the greatest extent possible. Surgical masks are indicated as PPE against COVID-19 as they offer some protection against the virus; the application of a surgical mask over an N95 mask reduces the risk of N95 mask soiling (NIH, 2020).
  Extension and reuse practices should be implemented to combat the shortage of this protective equipment. N95 respirator masks can safely be disinfected using low-temperature sterilization methods. (Jatta et al., 2020).
  References
  Jatta, M., Kiefer, C., Patolia, H., Pan, J., Harb, C., Marr, L. C., & Baffoe-Bonnie, A. (2020). N95 Reprocessing by Low-Temperature Sterilization with 59% Vaporized Hydrogen Peroxide during the 2020 COVID-19 Pandemic. American journal of infection control, S0196-6553(20)30576-9. Advance online publication. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajic.2020.06.194
  
  National Institutes of Health. (2020). COVID-19 Treatment Guidelines Panel. Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) Treatment Guidelines. Retrieved from: https://www.covid19treatmentguidelines.nih.gov/
- Required Learning Resources and Activities
- Identify recommendations and risks regarding reuse and extended use of facepiece respirators
- Decontamination of Filtering Facepiece Respirators URL
  CDC recommendations for decontamination of facepiece respirators.
  Read the entire article.
- N-95 Respirator Extension of Use and Reuse URL
  The article recommends practices for extending the use and reuse of N-95 respirator masks.
  Read the entire article.
- Summarize surface disinfection measures based on evidence about coronavirus persistence on inanimate surfaces
- Persistence of Coronaviruses on Inanimate Surfaces and their Inactivation with Biocidal Agents URL
  This article communicates the importance of and methods for surface decontamination of coronaviruses.
  
  Read the entire document.
- Implement the five prevention and control strategies when COVID-19 is suspected in clinical cases.
- Infection Prevention and Control During Health Care when COVID-19 is Suspected URL
  This document, produced by the World Health Organization, discusses infection prevention and control strategies for COVID-19.
  
  Read the entire document.
- Optimizing Supply of PPE and Other Equipment during Shortages URL
  Read the entire web page, click on each protection element in the list
- Quiz: Module 2: Lesson 1
  To access the quiz, click on the name of the quiz provided above. On the following screen, click the "Preview quiz now" button to respond to the questions.
- Additional Resources for Optional Learning
- OSHA's Guidance on Preparing Workplaces for COVID-19 URL
  OSHA's guidelines on workplace practices for front-facing workers caring for both confirmed and suspected COVID-19 patients.
  
  Read the entire document.
Module 2: Lesson 2: Mental Health Protection for Healthcare Workers
With the heavy burden that the pandemic is placing on healthcare workers, post-traumatic stress disorder and emotional and physical exhaustion are realities. This lesson explores methods to manage the stress that healthcare workers experience and strategies to deal with medical and personal demands.

Learning objectives:
- Remember conceptual information about stress related to COVID-19.
- Apply procedural aspects of stress coping mechanisms.
Approximate time required for the readings for this lesson (at 144 words/minute): 21 mins

Click here to start this lesson
3 URLs, 1 Quiz
- INCLUSION RATIONALE
  Contingency and crisis standards of care differ greatly from the standard of care that health workers are accustomed to providing their patients when resources are adequate to meet the wellness needs of a healthcare facility, community, region, or nation. The disparity in these care standards, the stress associated with the fear of contracting or spreading COVID-19, and increased demand on the healthcare workforce can lead to worker burnout, overwhelm, and mental fatigue. With the heavy burden that the pandemic is placing on healthcare workers, post-traumatic stress disorder and emotional and physical exhaustion are realities. For this reason, the topic is included in the course despite its exclusion from the competency set used to support course content. This lesson equips frontline healthcare providers to manage stress and discusses strategies to deal with professional and personal demands.
- Required Learning Resources and Activities
- Identify methods to manage stress associated with the COVID-19 outbreak.
- Managing Healthcare Workers' Stress Associated with the COVID-19 Outbreak URL
  This article lists methods to manage the stress that healthcare workers experience and strategies to deal with medical and personal demands.
  Read the entire document.
- Apply relaxation techniques
- Six Relaxation Techniques to Reduce Stress URL
  Read the entire page.
- Quiz: Module 2: Lesson 2
  To access the quiz, click on the name of the quiz provided above. On the following screen, click the "Preview quiz now" button to respond to the questions.
- Optional Resources for Additional Learning
- Ethical Guidance for Pandemic Nursing URL
  This is a free webinar presented by Sigma Theta Tau on ethical frameworks and challenges experienced by health care workers in the setting of the COVID-19 pandemic.
  
  Click on the name of the webinar provided above. You will be taken to the registration screen. Enter your registration information into the fields on the registration screen and click “register”. You will then be directed to the webinar. View the entire presentation.
Module 2: Lesson 3: Primary Prevention by Immunization Against COVID 19
Learning objectives:

Understand conceptual aspects of vaccine development and effectiveness.

Approximate time required for the readings for this lesson (at 144 words/minute): 16 mins
Click here to start this lesson
5 URLs, 1 Quiz
- Required Learning Resources and Activities
- Summarize the pre-exposure and post-exposure prophylaxis recommendations for COVID-19
- Prevention and Prophylaxis of SARS-CoV-2 Infection URL
  Read the entire webpage
- COVID-19 Vaccine Tracker URL
  Click on "Summary" in the website's header and read the entire site to learn about different stages of vaccine development. Then click on "Vaccine pipeline" on the header to read about different vaccines and their current stage of development.
- Quiz: Module 2: Lesson 3
  To access the quiz, click on the name of the quiz provided above. On the following screen, click the "Preview quiz now" button to respond to the questions.
- Additional Resources for Optional Learning
- Immunogenicity and Safety of a Recombinant Adenovirus Type-5-Vectored COVID-19 Vaccine in Healthy Adults Aged 18 Years or Older: a Randomised, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled, Phase 2 Trial URL
  Read the entire article.
- Evaluation of the mRNA-1273 Vaccine Against SARS-CoV-2 in Nonhuman Primates URL
  Read the entire article
- Safety and Immunogenicity of the ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 Vaccine Against SARS-CoV-2: a Preliminary Report of a Phase 1/2, Single-Blind, Randomised Controlled Trial URL
  Read the entire article.
Module 2: Lesson 4: Additional Precautions
Learning objectives:

Understand isolation precautions recommendations.

Approximate time required for the readings for this lesson (at 144 words/minute): 31 mins

Click here to start this lesson
2 URLs, 1 Quiz
- Required Learning Resources and Activities
- Summarize the recommendations regarding duration of isolation and precautions along with the role of testing on them
- Duration of Isolation and Precautions for Adults with COVID-19 URL
  Read the entire article.
- Identify isolation precautions recommendations
- Guideline for Isolation Precautions: Preventing Transmission of Infectious Agents in Healthcare Settings (2007) URL
  Read the first table of the website, and then read categories IA and IB from each of the following tables.
- Quiz: Module 2: Lesson 4
  To access the quiz, click on the name of the quiz provided above. On the following screen, click the "Preview quiz now" button to respond to the questions.
Module 3: Screening and Evaluation
Competencies covered in this module
- Recognize the relevance of prior health status in determining risk of critical illness and outcomes.
- Use appropriate tests to confirm or refute a clinical diagnosis.
- Recognize clinical signs associated with critical illness, their relative importance, and interpretation.
Click here for the brief module introduction
Module 3: Lesson 1: Risks Factors for Contracting COVID-19
Learning objectives:
- Remember procedural aspects to determine the risk of contracting COVID-19 critical disease.
Approximate time required for the readings for this lesson (at 144 words/minute): 101 mins

Click here to start this lesson
4 URLs, 1 Quiz
- Required Learning Resources and Activities
- Recognize modifiable and non-modifiable risk factors for COVID-19
- Modifiable and Non-Modifiable Risk Factors for COVID-19: Results from UK Biobank URL
  
  This study classifies demographic, lifestyle, socioeconomic, and clinical factors in modifiable and non-modifiable risk factors for COVID-19.
  
  Read the entire document.
- Identify groups vulnerable to SARS-CoV-2 infection
- Risk Factors for SARS-CoV-2 Among Patients in the Oxford Royal College of General Practitioners Research and Surveillance Centre Primary Care Network: a Cross-Sectional Study URL
  This resource evaluates risk factors for COVID 19 infection.
  Read the entire article.
- People at Increased Risk URL
  Click the links "older adults", "people with medical conditions", and "medical conditions evidence table" and read its content. You can explore other links of this page to learn about groups that need extra precautions.
- Quiz: Module 3: Lesson 1
  To access the quiz, click on the name of the quiz provided above. On the following screen, click the "Preview quiz now" button to respond to the questions.
- Additional Resources for Optional Learning
- Risk Factors for In-Hospital Mortality in Patients with Cancer and COVID-19 URL
  Read the entire page
- There are many challenges to studying risk factors for contracting COVID-19 in the context of a public health crisis. In this lesson, you will learn about these risk factors and how are they classified as modifiable and non-modifiable.
  For more information on modifiable risk factors, view our course on Lifestyle Medicine by clicking here.
Module 3: Lesson 2: Screening and Evaluation
Learning objectives:
- Apply conceptual knowledge about COVID-19 testing.
Approximate time required for the readings for this lesson (at 144 words/minute): 80 mins

Click here to start this lesson
7 URLs, 1 Quiz
- The following contains information from the field.
  The need for COVID-19 testing is determined on a case-by-case basis. Testing should be considered for individuals who exhibit signs and symptoms of the disease and those with recent known or suspected exposure to SARS-CoV-2, besides special cases. (CDC, 2020)
  The signs and symptoms of COVID-19 include fever, cough, shortness of breath, fatigue, the new loss of taste or smell (anosmia), and gastrointestinal symptoms. COVID-19 patients may also appear asymptomatic.
  Screening and testing for COVID-19 should occur based on local health advisement agencies and clinician judgment. Priority testing information is provided in this module. Infection with both SARS-CoV-2 and with other respiratory viruses has been reported, and detection of another respiratory pathogen does not rule out COVID-19. (CDC, 2020)
  References
  National Institutes of Health. (2020). COVID-19 Treatment Guidelines Panel. Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) Treatment Guidelines. Retrieved from: https://www.covid19treatmentguidelines.nih.gov/
- Required Learning Resources and Activities
- Determine the indications for each form of COVID-19 testing according to clinical presentation.
- Overview of Testing for SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) URL
  This article discusses priority evaluation for persons suspected to have COVID-19.
  
  Read the entire article.
- Determine the priority for COVID-19 testing in clinical cases
- Evaluating the Accuracy of Different Respiratory Specimens in the Laboratory Diagnosis and Monitoring the Viral Shedding of 2019-nCoV Infections URL
  This study explores the accuracy of various laboratory tests for the diagnosis of COVID-19.
  Read the abstract and discussion sections of the article. For additional, optional learning, read the entire article.
- Describe recommendations for laboratory diagnosis along with the rationale for them
- Testing for SARS-CoV-2 Infection URL
  Read the entire webpage
- List recommended measures for people under contact tracing process
- Contact Tracing URL
  Read the entire page that has useful information to provide guidance to your patients and other people that have been exposed to the virus.
- Differentiate patients with asymptomatic, mild, moderate, severe, or critical COVID-19 illness
- Clinical Spectrum of SARS-CoV-2 Infection URL
  Read the entire webpage.
- Identify symptom clusters of COVID-19 and their relevance on prediction and treatment
- Modeling the Onset of Symptoms of COVID-19 URL
  Read the entire document.
- Symptom Clusters in Covid19: A Potential Clinical Prediction Tool from the COVID Symptom Study App URL
  This resource is a pre-print from the King's College in London that proposes six symptom clusters that could be used as a potential clinical prediction tool. Read the entire article.
- Quiz: Module 3 :Lesson 2
  To access the quiz, click on the name of the quiz provided above. On the following screen, click the "Preview quiz now" button to respond to the questions.
Module 3: Lesson 3: Additional Testing
Patients who test positive for COVID-19 will require additional diagnostic testing to guide their treatment plan.

Learning objectives:
Understand conceptual aspects of the relationship between clinical signs and critical COVID-19 illness.

Approximate time required for the readings for this lesson (at 144 words/minute): 35 mins
Click here to start this lesson
3 URLs, 1 Quiz
- The following contains information from the field.
  CT may show lung findings (such as ground-glass opacities) before the development of symptoms. In a setting of pandemic, assume that COVID-19 is the cause until proven otherwise, even if a patient is not symptomatic with COVID-specific symptoms. Ferritin, elevated IL-6 levels, C-reactive protein (CRP), d-dimer can be related to COVID-19 severe infection.
  Procalcitonin and prolactin are elevated in patients with bacterial co-infection. White blood cell (WBC) count is normal or low in COVID-19-only patients but sometimes elevated in patients with co-infection. (Auwaerter, 2020).
  References
  Auwaerter, P. G. (2020). Coronavirus COVID-19 (SARS-CoV-2). In Johns Hopkins ABX Guide. The Johns Hopkins University. Retrieved from: https://www.hopkinsguides.com/hopkins/view/Johns_Hopkins_ABX_Guide/540747/all/Coronavirus_COVID_19__SARS_CoV_2_
- Required Learning Resources and Activities
- Associate clinical signs and additional test results with critical illness
- Johns Hopkins COVID- 19 Guide URL
  Read the section of the article labeled "CLINICAL". You can access this section by opening the link provided and clicking the word "CLINICAL" on the left-hand side of the screen.
- Absolute Lymphocyte Count is a Prognostic Marker in Covid‐19: A Retrospective Cohort Review URL
  Read the sections Abstract and Discussion.
- Quiz: Module 3: Lesson 3
  To access the quiz, click on the name of the quiz provided above. On the following screen, click the "Preview quiz now" button to respond to the questions.
- Additional Resources for Optional Learning
- Can We Predict the Severity of COVID-19 with a Routine Blood Test? URL
  This article provides an overview of the association of markers in routine blood tests with the severity of COVID-19.
  Read the entire article.
Module 4: Caring for the COVID-19 Patient
Competencies covered in this module
Incorporate information on pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics, and drug metabolism and excretion in critical illness.

Initiate and maintain mechanical ventilation (non-invasive and invasive).

Demonstrate proper Initiation, maintenance, and discontinuation of paralytic agents, sedatives, and analgesic drugs in ICU patients.

Recognize clinical signs associated with critical illness, their relative importance, and interpretation.

Demonstrate understanding of appropriate criteria for admission to, and discharge from ICU - factors influencing intensity and site of care (ward, high dependency unit (HDU), intensive care unit (ICU)).

Make informed decisions about diagnostic and therapeutic interventions based on patient information, preferences, up-to-date scientific evidence, and clinical judgment.
Click here for the brief module introduction
- This module examines the treatment protocols for patients across the entire COVID-19 spectrum, including medication and supportive care. Please begin this module by viewing the video posted below as it provides an overview of the Treatment on COVID-19 patients.
  The following contains information from the field.
  Patients with asymptomatic or mild illness should stay home, avoid others, and employ proper hygiene and decontamination of surfaces. In moderate illness cases, given that pulmonary disease can rapidly progress in patients with COVID-19, close monitoring is recommended. Hospital infection prevention and control measures should be implemented and available therapy must be considered on a case-by-case basis. (NIH, 2020)
  Regarding oxygen delivery devices, a high-flow nasal cannula is recommended over over noninvasive positive pressure ventilation (NIPPV). A trial of awake prone positioning to improve oxygenation can also be helpful if mechanical ventilation is not indicated. (NIH, 2020)
  Finally, we will discuss common complications of COVID-19. Common complications are: Bacterial Superinfection of COVID-19-Associated Pneumonia, Septic Shock, Thromboembolic Events, progressive respiratory distress (including ARDS), Renal and Hepatic Dysfunction Due to COVID-19 and several others. (NIH, 2020)
  References
  National Institutes of Health. (2020). COVID-19 Treatment Guidelines Panel. Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) Treatment Guidelines. Retrieved from: https://www.covid19treatmentguidelines.nih.gov/
Module 4: Lesson 1: Available Therapy for Treatment of COVID-19
Learning Objectives:
- Understand conceptual aspects of potential COVID-19 treatments.
Approximate time required for the readings for this lesson (at 144 words/minute): 64 mins

Click here to start this lesson
7 URLs, 1 Quiz
- Required Learning Resources and Activities
- Interpret evidence regarding the efficacy and safety of COVID-19 potential treatments
- Pharmacologic Interventions URL
  Read the entire webpage.
- Antiviral Drugs That Are Approved or Under Evaluation for the Treatment of COVID-19 URL
  Read the entire section on Antiviral Therapy, click on the subsections (Remdesivir, Chloroquine or Hydroxychloroquine, Hydroxychloroquine Plus Azithromycin, Lopinavir/Ritonavir and Other HIV Protease Inhibitors, Table 2a. Potential Antiviral Agents Under Evaluation for Treatment of COVID-19: Clinical Data to Date, Table 2b. Characteristics of Potential Antiviral Agents Under Evaluation for Treatment of COVID-19) on your left and read ALL the provided content.
- Immune-Based Therapy Under Evaluation for Treatment of COVID-19 URL
  Read the entire section on Immune-Based Therapy Under Evaluation for Treatment of COVID-19, click on the subsections (Blood-Derived Products, Immunomodulators , Table 3a. Immune-Based Therapy Under Evaluation for the Treatment of COVID-19: Clinical Data to Date, Table 3b. Characteristics of Host Modifiers and Immune-Based Therapy Under Evaluation for the Treatment of COVID-19) on your left and read ALL the provided content.
- Adjunctive Therapy URL
  Read the entire section on Adjunctive Therapy, click on the subsections (Antithrombotic Therapy, Vitamin C, Vitamin D, Zinc, Concomitant Medication) on your left and read ALL the provided content.
- Azithromycin in Addition to Standard of Care Versus Standard of Care Alone in the Treatment of Patients Admitted to the Hospital with Severe COVID-19 in Brazil (COALITION II): a Randomised Clinical Trial URL
  Read the abstract
- Quiz: Module 4: Lesson 1
  To access the quiz, click on the name of the quiz provided above. On the following screen, click the "Preview quiz now" button to respond to the questions.
- Additional Resources for Optional Learning
- Drug Treatments for Covid-19: Living Systematic Review and Network Meta-Analysis URL
  This living systematic review and network meta-analysis compare the effects of treatments used for COVID 19
  Read the sections: Abstract, Effects of the Interventions, and Discussion.
- Strengthening Immunity Through Healthy Lifestyle Practices: Recommendations for Lifestyle Interventions in the Management of COVID‐19 URL
  Read the entire article to understand recommendation specific evidence‐based lifestyle intervention measures that should be considered in the management of COVID‐19.
Module 4: Lesson 2: Oxygenation and Ventilation
This lesson reviews the oxygenation and ventilation management of the COVID-19 patient and provides training on ventilator management.

Learning Objectives
- Apply conceptual knowledge of mechanical ventilation in COVID-19 patients.
Approximate time required for the readings for this lesson (at 144 words/minute): 134 mins

Click here to start this lesson
4 URLs, 1 Quiz
- Required Learning Resources and Activities
- Contrast invasive and non-invasive ventilation between COVID-19 patients and regular patients
- Oxygenation and Ventilation URL
  Read the entire webpage.
- Oxygenation and Ventilation of COVID-19 Patients URL
  The American Heart Association provides four training videos regarding the oxygenation and ventilation of COVID-19.
  Please view each of the four trainings:
  Module 1: Non-invasive Support Overview
  Module 2: Airway Management
  Module 3: Ventilation Equipment
  Module 4: Ventilation Management
  View the training presentations by clicking the triangle-shaped play button in the middle of each training image.
- Ventilator Management: Essential Skills for Non-ICU Nurses Course URL
  This 60-minute webinar on ventilator management for non-ICU nurses is free for both members and non-members of the American Nurses Association.
  To enroll, click the name of the webinar provided above. You will be taken to the registration page.
  Complete registration for the webinar by checking the box for the first presentation titled Ventilator Management: Essential Skills for Non-ICU Nurses Course and fill in the registration information fields. Finally, click the grey “register” button at the bottom of the registration fields and view the training.
- Quiz: Module 4: Lesson 2
  To access the quiz, click on the name of the quiz provided above. On the following screen, click the "Preview quiz now" button to respond to the questions.
- Additional Resources for Optional Learning
- COVID-19 Pulmonary, ARDS and Ventilator Resources URL
  The American Association of Critical Care Nurses offers this free course on the management of ARDS and severe respiratory distress/failure, along with ventilator references.
  Complete this course by clicking on the name of the course (provided above). You will be directed to the screen that introduces the course. Please click the blue “get started” button on the introduction screen. You will then be directed to the first module of the course.
Module 4: Lesson 3: Rapid Sequence Induction Medications
This lesson provides in-depth information and quick guides for rapid sequence intubation.

Learning objectives
- Remember procedural aspects of rapid sequence induction.
Approximate time required for the readings for this lesson (at 144 words/minute): 88 mins

Click here to start this lesson
3 Files, 1 Quiz
- Required Learning Resources and Activities
- Identify medications and procedures for rapid sequence induction
- Rapid Sequence Induction Quick Guide File 294.1KB PDF document
  This brief resource quickly reviews the procedure for rapid sequence intubation.
  Read the entire document.
- Illustrated Guide for Rapid Sequence Intubation File 8.7MB PDF document
  This guide explores rapid sequence intubation for providers in settings with limited staff and supplies.
  Read the entire document.
- Rapid Sequence Intubation for Adults Outside the Operating Room File 435.7KB PDF document
  This resource explores the procedure of rapid sequence intubation outside the operating room.
  Read the entire document.
- Quiz: Module 4: Lesson 3
  To access the quiz, click on the name of the quiz provided above. On the following screen, click the "Preview quiz now" button to respond to the questions.
Module 4: Lesson 4: Complications of COVID-19
Learning objectives
Understand conceptual aspects of clinical signs associated with critical COVID-19 disease.

Apply procedural knowledge of ICU admission and discharge in COVID-19 patients.

Approximate time required for the readings for this lesson (at 144 words/minute): 195 mins
Click here to start this lesson
11 URLs, 1 Quiz
- Required Learning Resources and Activities
- Recognize common complications of COVID-19 and their implications for the patient
- Brigham and Women's Hospital COVID-19 Clinical Guidelines URL
  This treatment guide is extensive and contains clinical guidelines for the care of COVID-19 patients across the entire disease spectrum and various healthcare settings. You became familiar with this resource in the previous lesson. In this lesson, you will focus on the complications that COVID-19 patients experience and care guidelines for healthcare workers.
  Review the resource, focusing on the information related to hematological, neurological, and respiratory complications.
- Scientific Evidence for Conditions that Increase Risk of Severe Illness URL
  This resource will help you understand what medical conditions increase a person’s risk of severe illness from COVID-19 according to the evidence.
  Read the entire webpage
- Determine when a patient is eligible for ICU admission or discharge
- Triage to ICU URL
  Scroll down and read from the title "Triage to ICU" to the end of the page
- Summarize recommendations for the care of Critically ill patients with COVID-19
- Care of Critically Ill Patients with COVID-19 URL
  Read the entire webpage.
- Describe general considerations for the treatment of complications of COVID-19
- General Considerations URL
  Read the entire webpage to understand the most important complications of the COVID-19 infection.
- Identify factors associated with COVID-19 -related death
- Factors associated with COVID-19-related death using OpenSAFELY URL
  This large cohort study reviews the factors associated with COVID-19-related death
  Read until the section Methods.
- Quiz: Module 4: Lesson 4
  To access the quiz, click on the name of the quiz provided above. On the following screen, click the "Preview quiz now" button to respond to the questions.
- Additional Resources for Optional Learning
- The Pathogenesis and Treatment of the ‘Cytokine Storm’ in COVID-19 URL
  A Journal of Infection pre-proof.
- Factors associated with COVID-19-related hospital death in the linked electronic health records of 17 million adult NHS patients. URL
  Read the entire document.
- Change in the Incidence of Stillbirth and Preterm Delivery During the COVID-19 Pandemic URL
  Click on 'Download PDF', and read the entire article
- Interactive Tools
- COVID-19 Critical Illness Prediction Tool (COVID-GRAM) URL
  Explore the calculator
- ROX Index to Predict Risk of Intubation URL
  Explore the calculator
Module 4: Lesson 5: Comprehensive Treatment Protocols
In this lesson, you will review the COVID-19 treatment protocols for multiple healthcare systems. Please review each of them by comparing and contrasting them with each other and with the COVID-19 treatment protocols at your workplace.

Learning objectives
- Understand procedural aspects about general indications for COVID-19 treatment.
- Evaluate conceptual aspects of COVID-19 treatment protocols.
Approximate time required for the readings for this lesson (at 144 words/minute): 82 mins

Click here to start this lesson
8 URLs, 1 Forum, 1 Quiz
- Required Learning Resources and Activities
- Describe general recommendations for COVID-19 treatment in adults
- NIH COVID-19 Treatment Guidelines URL
  The National Institutes of Health provides regular updates on COVID-19 Treatment Guidelines
  Read the entire section "What's New in the Guidelines" and read through the sections of information that pertain to your area of services within the healthcare field.
- Integrate knowledge from treatment guides to solve clinical cases
- Brigham and Women's Hospital COVID-19 Clinical Guidelines URL
  This treatment guide is extensive and contains clinical guidelines for the care of COVID-19 patients across the entire disease spectrum and various healthcare settings.
  Familiarize yourself with this resource by reading through the list of content provided on the left hand side of the screen. Read through the sections of information that pertain to your area of services within the healthcare field.
- COVID-19 Treatment Guidance URL
  This treatment guide is extensive and contains clinical guidelines for the care of COVID-19 patients across the entire disease spectrum and various healthcare settings.
  Familiarize yourself with this resource by reading through the list of content provided. Read through the sections of information that pertain to your area of services within the healthcare field.
- Summarize the updates on COVID-19 treatment guidelines
- What's New in the Guidelines (Last updated: July 30, 2020) URL
  Read the entire page to learn about the most recent recommendations and updates for COVID-19 Treatment
- Discussion Post: Your Facilities Treatment Protocol Forum
  After comparing and contrasting the treatment protocols provided in this module, share your thoughts with colleagues by posting to the forum below. Feel free to share and reference your facility’s protocol in your discussions.
- Quiz: Module 4: Lesson 5
  To access the quiz, click on the name of the quiz provided above. On the following screen, click the "Preview quiz now" button to respond to the questions.
- Additional Resources for Optional Learning
- Q&As on COVID-19 and Related Health Topics URL
  What should I do with a pregnant patient? What types of viruses exist? Explore the entire website and links to find answers to these and more common questions about COVID-19.
- Management of Cervical Cancer Patients During the COVID-19 Pandemic: a Challenge for Developing Countries URL
  Read the entire document
- Evaluation and Management Considerations for Neonates At Risk for COVID-19 URL
  Read the entire page
- Clinical Questions about COVID-19: Questions and Answers URL
  Familiarize yourself with this resource by reading through the list of content provided. Read through the sections of information that pertain to your area of services within the healthcare field.
Module 4: Lesson 6: Long-term Recovery
Learning Objectives:
- Understand the long-term effects of COVID-19 infection.
Approximate time required for the readings for this lesson (at 144 words/minute): 50 mins

Click here to start this lesson
3 URLs, 1 Quiz
- Required Learning Resources and Activities
- Identify the symptoms that persist after recovery of Covid-19 infection according to frequence.
- Persistent Symptoms in Patients After Acute COVID-19 URL
  Read the entire article.
- Describe the proper management of post-COVID-19 recovery symptoms
- Persistent Positivity and Fluctuations of SARS-CoV-2 RNA in Clinically-Recovered COVID-19 Patients URL
  Read the entire article.
- Summarize COVID-19 cardiovascular complications and the possible long-term sequelae.
- COVID-19 Cardiac Injury: Implications for Long-Term Surveillance and Outcomes in Survivors URL
  Read the entire article.
- Quiz: Module 4: Lesson 6
  To access the quiz, click on the name of the quiz provided above. On the following screen, click the "Preview quiz now" button to respond to the questions.
Module 4 Assessment: Case Studies

In this section, you will engage with four real COVID-19 patients through case study. Through synthesis of the information in the previous modules and your prior education and experience, you will analyze diagnostic testing, prioritize decision making, and implement medical interventions to ensure the best outcome for these patients.

4 Quizzes, 1 Forum, 1 URL
- Required Learning Resources and Activities
- Integrate knowledge from treatment guides to solve clinical cases
- Quiz: Case Study 1- Part 1
  To access the quiz, click on the name of the quiz provided above. On the following screen, click the attempt quiz button to view the case studies and respond to the questions.
- Quiz: Case Study 1- Part 2
  Restricted Not available unless: The activity Quiz: Case Study 1- Part 1 is marked complete
  To access the quiz, click on the name of the quiz provided above. On the following screen, click the attempt quiz button to view the case studies and respond to the questions.
- Quiz: Case Study 2
  To access the quiz, click on the name of the quiz provided above. On the following screen, click the attempt quiz button to view the case studies and respond to the questions.
- Quiz: Case Study 3- Part 1
  To access the quiz, click on the name of the quiz provided above. On the following screen, click the attempt quiz button to view the case studies and respond to the questions.
- Quiz: Case Study 3- Part 2
  Restricted Not available unless: The activity Quiz: Case Study 3- Part 1 is marked complete
  To access the quiz, click on the name of the quiz provided above. On the following screen, click the attempt quiz button to view the case studies and respond to the questions.
- Quiz: Case Study 3- Part 3
  Restricted Not available unless: The activity Quiz: Case Study 3- Part 2 is marked complete
  To access the quiz, click on the name of the quiz provided above. On the following screen, click the attempt quiz button to view the case studies and respond to the questions.
- Quiz: Case Study 4- Part 1
  To access the quiz, click on the name of the quiz provided above. On the following screen, click the attempt quiz button to view the case studies and respond to the questions.
- Quiz: Case Study 4- Part 2
  Restricted Not available unless: The activity Quiz: Case Study 4- Part 1 is marked complete
  To access the quiz, click on the name of the quiz provided above. On the following screen, click the attempt quiz button to view the case studies and respond to the questions.
- Quiz: Case Study 4- Part 3
  Restricted Not available unless: The activity Quiz: Case Study 4- Part 2 is marked complete
  To access the quiz, click on the name of the quiz provided above. On the following screen, click the attempt quiz button to view the case studies and respond to the questions.
- Quiz: Case Study 4- Part 4
  Restricted Not available unless: The activity Quiz: Case Study 4- Part 3 is marked complete
  To access the quiz, click on the name of the quiz provided above. On the following screen, click the attempt quiz button to view the case studies and respond to the questions.
- Case Study Feedback Forum
  Quality education, user experience and continual improvement are important to us. Use this space to professionally provide your feedback on the case studies.
- Additional Resources for Optional Learning
- Covid-19 Rx: Treatment Simulations URL
  Explore the page and click on a case study to start.
Module 5: Consideration of Effort Cessation
Competencies covered in this module
- Management of end of life issues and palliative care (including timeliness of discussions).
- Demonstrate understands indications for not starting resuscitation or ceasing an initiated attempt.
- Address the psychosocial and emotional effects of critical illness on patients and their families.
- Many factors must be considered when providers face a decision of whether or not to cease the implementation of life-saving measures in critically ill and coding COVID-19 patients. These factors include, but are not limited to, the prognosis, suffering, quality of life, and dignity of the patient, along with the safety of the staff caring for the patient. This module offers resources to support clinicians in providing end-of-life care.
Module 5: Lesson 1: Consideration of Effort Cessation
Learning objectives
- Apply conceptual knowledge of palliative care in COVID-19 patients.
- Analyze conceptual aspects of effort cessation for COVID-19 patients.
- Apply conceptual knowledge about grief mitigation to support patients and their families at the end of life.
Approximate time required for the readings for this lesson (at 144 words/minute): 119 mins

Click here to start this lesson
5 URLs, 1 Forum, 1 Quiz
- Required Learning Resources and Activities
- Describe common interventions to improve palliative care for COVID-19 patients at the end of life
- Primary Palliative Nursing for Patients with COVID-19 URL
  This Hospice and Palliative Nurses Association's guide supports the information needs of nurses caring for COVID-19 patients in the acute, post-acute, and community settings.
  Read the entire article.
- Differentiate special considerations for effort cessation in COVID-19 patients
- COVID-19 guidance on DNACPR and verification of death URL
  Read the entire page.
- European Resuscitation Council COVID-19 Guidelines URL
  Read the entire document
- Describe practices to mitigate grief
- Recommended Practices to Mitigate Grief URL
  Scroll down and read from the title "Recommended Practices to Mitigate Grief" to the end of the article.
- Discussion Post: Reflections on Effort Cessation Forum
  
  This task will help you identify factors regarding effort cessation for COVID-19 patients and explore your feelings about effort cessation in the context of crisis and contingency standards of care. To achieve this, you will learn from the experience and perspective of a nurse practitioner working in a New York City emergency room during the COVID-19 crisis. As this crisis impacts healthcare workers’ mental health, consider the writer's emotions about this topic.
  
  Step 1: Read the blog post "NIGHT SHIFT IN NYC DURING COVID-19" found at this link: https://sites.google.com/nursesinternational.org/projects/our-stories/nurses-stories?authuser=0#h.p_UtI1ONt8zqjl.
  
  Step 2: Reflect on the reading and create a 150-250 piece of writing that includes all the following points:
  
  What makes effort cessation necessary?
  
  Which factors were considered to decide effort cessation?
  
  How did that night-shift affect the writer's feelings?
  
  How does the writer address her feelings?
  
  How would you feel and react to a similar situation?
- Quiz: Module 5: Lesson: 1
  To access the quiz, click on the name of the quiz provided above. On the following screen, click the "Preview quiz now" button to respond to the questions.
- Additional Resources for Optional Learning
- Statements and resources on COVID-19 (Coronavirus), CPR and Resuscitation URL
  Familiarize yourself with this resource and read the section pertaining to your area of work.
Module 6: Understanding Scientific Evidence to Improve the Care of COVID-19 Patients
Competencies covered in this module:
- Apply knowledge of study designs and statistical methods to the appraisal of clinical studies and other information on diagnostic and therapeutic effectiveness.
- Participate in identifying system errors and implementing potential system solutions.
Module 6: Lesson 1: Understanding Scientific Evidence to Improve the Care of COVID-19 Patients
Learning objectives
- Understand conceptual aspects of medical research designs and its interpretation for daily practice.
- Evaluate metacognitive aspects of the interpretation of medical research.
Approximate time required for the readings for this lesson (at 144 words/minute): 58 mins

Click here to start this lesson
3 URLs, 1 Forum, 1 Quiz
- Required Learning Resources and Activities
- Describe different types of study designs
- Types of Study Designs URL
  Read the entire page
- Interpret levels of evidence and grades of recommendation of medical research
- Evidence-Based Medicine: Levels of Evidence URL
  Read the entire website
- Reflect on one's ability to critically appraise medical research
- 12 Cognitive Biases That Can Impact Search Committee Decisions URL
  Read the entire document.
- Collaborative Learning and Professional Experiences Forum
  
  Join this collaborative learning environment for COVID-19. Read the posted articles and resources, share items that you have come across in your own research, and engage with other learners. Think about this as a blog for healthcare workers, follow these steps to participate:
  
  To start a new post just click “Add new discussion topic” and make sure to include the following:
  
  Insert a short title for your post
  
  State your name, location, and credentials to introduce yourself
  
  Write your comments about an article you read, or experiences as a healthcare worker that could help others in their practice
  
  At the bottom of your post insert the link or quote of the article you discussed. Be sure that any shared resources are published, peer-reviewed literature, or developed by a government, professional organization or university
  
  To read and engage with other posts just click on them and select reply. Please be sure that any shared resources are published, peer-reviewed literature, or developed by a government, professional organization or university
  
  Please keep all posts and replies professionally appropriate and respectful. If you are not a native English speaker take this opportunity to work out your writing skills in a safe and secure environment.
  Optional source to find papers for this assignment:
  
  Different topics
  
  Planetary Health
- Quiz: Module 6: Lesson 1
  To access the quiz, click on the name of the quiz provided above. On the following screen, click the "Preview quiz now" button to respond to the questions.
Module 6: Lesson 2: Public Health Responses to COVID-19
Learning objectives

Understand conceptual aspects of different public health responses and its implications for healthcare systems.

Approximate time required for the readings for this lesson (at 144 words/minute): 44 mins

Click here to start this lesson
4 URLs, 2 Forums, 1 Quiz
- Required Learning Resources and Activities
- Recognize the main differences in the response to COVID-19 among regions
- The UK’s Public Health Response to COVID-19 URL
  Click on the graph and read about different policy responses for COVID-19 around the world. Then read the rest of the document to learn about how experts evaluate the UK's response to COVID-19.
- Discussion Post: Analyzing Global Response Forum
  
  In your reading for this lesson you read about different countries' approaches to address this health crisis. You will now create a discussion post to demonstrate your evaluation of the resource. Here is a link to the article should you need to review it again.
  
  https://www.isglobal.org/en/healthisglobal/-/custom-blog-portlet/covid-19-cinco-respuestas-de-salud-publica-diferentes-ante-la-epidemia/2877257/0#
  
  Step 1: Read the article carefully and take notes about the following aspects:
  
  Response/Timing
  
  Results
  
  Greatest advantages/disadvantages
  
  The aspect of their response that you value most
  
  Step 2: Create a matrix to compare and contrast the information from each country including the four points stated in step 1. (Click here if you need assistance in creating a compare/contrast matrix: https://mathematicstrategies.weebly.com/comparecontrast-matrix-graphic-organizer.html
  
  Step 3: As there is not a single approach to address this crisis, what kind of response would be better for your country? Write a 150 words paragraph based on the suggestions stated in the article's conclusion.
- Describe how to use IHME's projections website to get info for your country
- COVID-19 Projections URL
  Select the countries of your interest and explore the projections based on mandates easing and universal masks use.
- Recognize how to use WHO's guidance for COVID-19
- A Guide to WHO’s Guidance on COVID-19 URL
  Read the entire webpage.
- Quiz: Module 6: Lesson 2
  To access the quiz, click on the name of the quiz provided above. On the following screen, click the "Preview quiz now" button to respond to the questions.
- Additional Resources for Optional Learning
- Discussion for Health Care Workers Forum
  Anyone who would like to reach out to colleagues working in the pandemic or with COVID patients is welcome to discuss here. Please keep all posts professionally appropriate and respectful.
- COVID-19 Facts to Billions via WhatsApp URL
  This resource provides COVID-19 information for government leaders, health workers, and the public in general in Arabic, English, French, Hindi, Italian, Spanish, and Portuguese.
Optional Module: Resources to Stay Current and Healthy
Competencies covered in this module:
- Demonstrate healthy coping mechanisms to respond to stress.
- Be familiar with policies, plans, and frameworks relevant to infection control, clinical healthcare, and other aspects of public health response.
- Periodically assess the need for changes in strategies and plans, and action plans, standard operating procedures (SOPs) for implementing them.
Click here for the brief module introduction
- In this optional module, you can learn how to respond to stress in the midst of COVID-19 and public health policies that were used in different countries to respond to the pandemic Additionally, you will be provided with resources that communicate up-to-date information regarding the extent of the outbreak and treatment of the disease. As this module exceeds the scope of the competencies set used in this course, it will borrow competencies language from the AAMC Core Entrustable Professional Activities for Entering Residency, the Association of Schools of Public Health in the European Region(ASPHER), the European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control (ECDC).
Optional Module: Lesson 1: A Global Perspective on COVID-19
Learning objectives
- Understand conceptual aspects of different public health responses and its implications for healthcare systems.
Approximate time required for the readings for this lesson (at 144 words/minute): 35 mins

Click here to start this lesson
5 URLs, 1 Quiz
- In this lesson, learners will gain a global perspective on COVID-19 by understanding the trajectory of the disease and the need to learn from colleagues in other countries who have already experienced the surge of cases.
- Required Learning Resources and Activities
- Classify different responses to the pandemic and its implications
- COVID-19: Five Contrasting Public Health Responses to the Epidemic URL
  This article communicates and contrasts the COVID-19 responses of five countries.
  Read the entire article.
- The UK’s public health response to covid-19 URL
  Read the entire document
- COVID-19 Projections URL
  Select the countries of your interest and explore the projections based on mandates easing and universal masks use
- A guide to WHO’s guidance on COVID-19 URL
  Read the entire webpage.
- Quiz: Optional Module: Lesson 2: A Global Perspective on COVID-19
  To access the quiz, click on the name of the quiz provided above. On the following screen, click the "Preview quiz now" button to view the case studies and respond to the questions.
- Additional Resources for Optional Learning
- COVID-19 Emergency Response – Lessons from China (Part I) URL
  This podcast includes a conversation with Dr. Cheng, who shares strategies that emergency departments and healthcare systems around the world can implement to prepare for COVID-19 patient surges. Dr. Cheng's recommendations are based on his experiences combating the virus in Wuhan, China.
  Listen to the entire podcast.
Optional Module: Lesson 2: Resources to Stay Current
Learning objectives
- Analyze conceptual knowledge about COVID-19 updates that could be implemented in daily practice.
Click here to start this lesson
1 URL
- Please review these resources to gain an up-to-date view of the pandemic. Refer back to these resources as needed. They are updated on a regular basis and will, therefore, not be included in assessments.
- Differentiate your facility's treatment protocol from latest updates about COVID-19 management
- COVID-19 Dashboard by the Center for Systems Science and Engineering (CSSE) at Johns Hopkins University (JHU) URL
  An interactive map tool with frequently updated data on illness, death, and recovery rates for COVID-19.
  View the information provided in this link.
Module 8: Substance Use Disorders and COVID-19
Competencies covered in this module:
- Demonstrate understanding of special considerations and recommendations for the care of patients with addiction during the COVID-19 pandemic.
Module: 8 Lesson 1: Substance Use Disorders and COVID-19
Learning objectives
- Understand special considerations for the care of patients with addictions.
Approximate time required for the readings for this lesson (at 144 words/minute): 144 mins

Click here to start this lesson
8 URLs, 1 Quiz
- Required Learning Resources and Activities
- COVID-19 and addiction URL
  Read the entire article. (22 minutes)
  NCBI-2020
- Addiction, Substance Use and Recovery during the COVID-19 Pandemic URL
  Read the sections: Alcohol, Cocaine, Opioids and Methamphetamines, Smoking and Vaping, of this article as a summary of the main somatic effects of substance use on the ability of patients to cope with covid infection. (4 minutes)
  Michigan Medicine
- Mental Health, Substance Use, and Suicidal Ideation During the COVID-19 Pandemic — United States, June 24–30, 2020 URL
  Read the entire article. (46 minutes)
  CDC-2020
- COVID-19 Questions and Answers: For People Who Use Drugs or Have Substance Use Disorder URL
  Read all the questions and answers on the webpage.
  CDC-2021
- Caring for Patients During the COVID-19 Pandemic URL
  Read the content under the heading "The Symptoms of Alcohol or Drug Withdrawal may Mimic Symptoms of COVID-19", on pages 4-5, and "Discharge of Patients with COVID-19 and Addiction" on pages 10-11. (10 minutes)
  ASAM
- COVID-19 and Addiction | What Can Family and Friends Do to Help? URL
  Watch the entire video (2 minutes).
  NIH-2020
- Substance Use Disorder Treatment in the Time of COVID Webinar, January 28, 2021 URL
  Watch the entire video (1 hour).
- Quiz: Module 8: Lesson 1
  To access the quiz, click on the name of the quiz provided above. On the following screen, click the "Preview quiz now" button to respond to the questions.
- Additional Resources for Optional Learning
- New Evidence on Substance Use Disorders and COVID-19 Susceptibility URL
  Read the entire article. (6 minutes)
  NIH-2020
Final Exam

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INCLUSION RATIONALE

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Identify methods to manage stress associated with the COVID-19 outbreak.

Apply relaxation techniques

Apply relaxation techniques

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Competencies covered in this module

Learning Objectives:

Required Learning Resources and Activities

Additional Resources for Optional Learning

Learning Objectives

Required Learning Resources and Activities

Additional Resources for Optional Learning

Learning objectives

Required Learning Resources and Activities

Learning objectives

Required Learning Resources and Activities

Additional Resources for Optional Learning

Interactive Tools

Learning objectives

Required Learning Resources and Activities

Additional Resources for Optional Learning

Learning Objectives:

Required Learning Resources and Activities

Required Learning Resources and Activities

Integrate knowledge from treatment guides to solve clinical cases

Additional Resources for Optional Learning

Competencies covered in this module

Learning objectives

Required Learning Resources and Activities

Additional Resources for Optional Learning

Competencies covered in this module:

Learning objectives

Required Learning Resources and Activities

Learning objectives

Required Learning Resources and Activities

Additional Resources for Optional Learning

Competencies covered in this module:

Learning objectives

Required Learning Resources and Activities

Classify different responses to the pandemic and its implications

Additional Resources for Optional Learning

Learning objectives

Differentiate your facility's treatment protocol from latest updates about COVID-19 management

Competencies covered in this module:

Learning objectives

Required Learning Resources and Activities

Additional Resources for Optional Learning