Section: Module 3: Needs Assessment and Program Planning | Health Policy and Management | NextGenU.org

  • Competencies covered in this module:
    • Explain the methods of ensuring community health safety and preparedness.
    • Assess the population needs, assets, and capacities that affect communities’ health.
    • Apply awareness of cultural values and practices to the design or implementation of public health policies or programs.
    • Discuss implementing health and social policies and plans that help guarantee the right to equitable and effective health care and policies enabling environments favourable to health.
    • Discuss multiple dimensions of the policy-making process, including the roles of ethics and evidence.
    • Apply principles of strategic planning and marketing to public health.
    • Design a population-based policy, program, project, or intervention.
    • Explain the basic principles and tools of budget and resource management.
    • Module 3: Lesson 1: Needs Assessment and Equitable Health Policies
       
      Student Learning Objectives:

      Upon completion of this lesson, you will be able to:

      • Define "community health safety" and "preparedness."
      • Explain the importance of community health safety and preparedness.
      • Describe different methods for ensuring community health safety and preparedness.
      • Recognize health determinants within a community.
      • Define needs, assets, and capacities in the context of community health needs assessments.
      • Summarize the steps involved in performing needs assessments.
      • Examine a community's health needs by examining its assets, capacities, and health determinants.
      • Examine how cultural values and practices impact policies and programs.
      • Explain considerations with respect to culture and values which should be made when developing public health policies and programs.
      • Assess cultural values and practices during the design of a public health policy or program.
      • Explain what is meant by "equitable and effective health care."
      • Recognize the features of environments that are favourable to health.
      • Recognize the term "social policies" as it relates to health.
      • Explain the dimensions of policy implementation.
      • Discuss how policies may ensure an equal and effective health care environment that favours a healthy setting.

      Approximate time required for the readings for this lesson (at 144 words/minute): 10 hours and 16 minutes.

       
      Required Learning Resources and Activities
    • Read page 19. (3 minutes)

      CDC - 2019

    • Read the entire article. (6 minutes)

      Mississippi Emergency Management Agency - 2022

    • Read the entire webpage. (14 minutes)

      Ready.gov - 2021

    • Read the section "What are the Determinants of Health?" (2 minutes)

      WHO - 2017

    • Read the section "WHAT DO WE MEAN BY NEEDS AND RESOURCES?" (3 minutes)

      Community Tool Box - 2021

    • Read the section "The Various Meanings of Community and Community Capacity Building." (5 minutes)

      Sage Journals2012

    • Read Sections 10.6 and 10.8. (45 minutes)

      WHO - 2020

    • Read the content under the heading "Section I: Understanding culture, health and well-being" on pages 1-5. (15 minutes)

      WHO - 2015

    • Read the content under the heading "4. Preliminary Understandings of the Role of National Culture in Shaping Public Policy" on pages 19-24. (23 minutes)

      Australian National University - 2014

    • Read the entire webpage. (9 minutes)

      Tulane University School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine - 2021

    • Read the entire page. (32 minutes)

      NCBI and National Academy of Sciences - 2013

    • Read the section "Health-related Policies." (2 minutes)

      CDC - 2015

    • Read pages 40-45: POLICY IMPLEMENTATION DIMENSIONS. (19 minutes)

      African Journal of Public Affairs - 2012

    • Read the entire page. (10 minutes)

      WHO - 2019

    • forum icon
      Peer Activity 8 - Needs Assessment (240 minutes) Forum

      You will choose a target population in your setting and assess the needs, assets, and capacities within the population. Then, you will explain how the needs assessment considers cultural values and practices and discuss how policies can be used to ensure equity in health and favorable environments within the population.

      Instructions:

      Step 1: Review and Identify

      Step 2: Assess and Write

      Write an 800-1200 words assessment about your target population. Include the following:

      • An introduction to the selected population and health issue

        • Provide a very brief rationale for the selection of both

      • What health determinants of the community are related to your selected health issue? 

      • Considering a public health response to your selected health issue, assess:

        • What are the community’s healthcare assets?

        • What are the community’s healthcare needs?

        • What are the community’s healthcare capacities? 

      • Explain how cultural values and practices of the population relate to:

        • The emergence/prevalence of the health issue

        • The design and implementation of policies and programs to address the health issue

        • Make sure that your assessment includes both potential challenges and opportunities that stem from your population’s cultural values and practices

      • Outline how policies can help to ensure equity and environments favorable to health while keeping in mind cultural values and practices

      Step 3: Share

      To share your work, click on the “Add a new discussion topic” button under this post and paste your work in the “Message” box. “Post to forum.” Make sure to reference others’ intellectual property when necessary. All references should follow 7th Edition APA formatting. For further instructions, see the resource on the Himmelfarb Health Sciences Library: APA citation resource (N.B. references are excluded from word counts).

      OPTIONAL Step 4: Interact (10 minutes)

      If you would like to, you can reply to your peers' posts in a respectful and professional manner. Ensure that your post engages your peers' ideas by including a reflection on their comments, sharing ideas of other potential difficulties and parties involved, or asking thought-provoking questions. If a peer comments on your posting, please reply. To post a reply, click “Reply” on a particular discussion, write your feedback and then click on “Post to forum.”


      Not available unless: The activity Quiz: Module 2 is complete and passed
    • Module 3: Lesson 2: The Planning Process
       
      Student Learning Objectives:

      Upon completion of this lesson, you will be able to:

      • Define "strategic planning."
      • Explain the importance of strategic planning in public health.
      • Outline principles of strategic planning in public health.
      • Explain the importance of marketing in public health.
      • Summarize principles of marketing in public health.
      • Discuss the application of strategic planning and marketing principles in program planning.
      • Explain the key steps in designing a public health policy.
      • Explain the key steps in designing a public health program.
      • Explain the key steps in designing a public health intervention.

      Approximate time required for the readings for this lesson (at 144 words/minute): 7 hours and 32 minutes.

       
      Required Learning Resources and Activities
    • Read the first paragraph of the web page. (1 minute)

      National Association of County and City Health Officials - 2022

    • Read "Introduction" and "How Does Strategic Planning for Population Health Differ." (12 minutes)

      NCBI2016

    • Read the entire article. (7 minutes)

      Regis College - 2021

    • Read pages 37-38. (6 minutes)

      CDC2013

    • Read "What are the key social marketing concepts and principles?" from pages 7 to 13. (17 minutes)

      European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control2014

    • Read the entire page. (13 minutes)

      HHS2018

    • Read the section "Applying social marketing principles" from pages 20-37. (50 minutes)

      European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control2014

    • Read the entire PDF. (10 minutes)

      Public Health Ontario2013

    • Read the entire PDF. (5 minutes)

      Public Health Ontario2015

    • Read the entire article. (22 minutes)

      Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health2015

    • forum icon
      Activity 9: Scenario Planning (180 minutes) Forum

      You will be given scenarios that display different types of healthcare challenges. You are required to discuss which principles of marketing and strategic planning you think will be best to apply and why. 

      Instructions:

      Step 1: Review and Research

      Review the learning resources on the principles of marketing in public health and on the application of strategic planning and marketing principles in program planning.
      Then, choose a topic between Vaccine Deployment and Tobacco Control Legislation. 

      • Here are some suggested readings for Vaccine Deployment: 

        • Read the section “Deployment” in this Resource and Section 4.3. 

        • Read the section “Encouraging the uptake of vaccines” in this Resource.  

      • Here are some suggested readings for Tobacco Control Legislation: 

      Step 2: Discuss

      You will now discuss the application of marketing principles and strategic planning to the topic you selected. In your discussion, you should mention: 

      • What challenge you choose and why do you think it is significant/relevant to strategic planning and marketing.

      • Principles of marketing that best apply to your challenge. Include a justification of how your selected principles would improve program planning to address your selected challenge.

      • Principles of strategic planning that best apply to the challenge. Include a justification of how your selected principles would improve program planning to address your selected challenge.

      Step 3: Share

      To share your work, click on the “Add a new discussion topic” button under this post and paste your work in the “Message” box. “Post to forum.” Make sure to reference others’ intellectual property when necessary. All references should follow 7th Edition APA formatting. For further instructions, see the resource on the Himmelfarb Health Sciences Library: APA citation resource (N.B. references are excluded from word counts).

      OPTIONAL Step 4: Interact (10 minutes)

      If you would like to, you can reply to your peers' posts in a respectful and professional manner. Ensure that your post engages your peers' ideas by including a reflection on their comments, sharing ideas of other potential difficulties and parties involved, or asking thought-provoking questions. If a peer comments on your posting, please reply. To post a reply, click “Reply” on a particular discussion, write your feedback and then click on “Post to forum.”


    • Module 3: Lesson 3: Budgeting and Resource Management
       
      Student Learning Objectives:

      Upon completion of this lesson, you will be able to:

      • Identify the basic principles of budgeting and the necessary tools.
      • Explain the importance of budgeting in public health.
      • Identify the basic principles and tools of resource management.
      • Explain the importance of resource management in public health.
      • Understand the role of Human Resource Management in Healthcare.
      • Describe the key accounting principles and common measures of performance for health policy development.
      • Discuss how measures of performance can be used to improve planning and achieve goals in health policy.

      Approximate time required for the readings for this lesson (at 144 words/minute): 5 hours and 48 minutes.

       
      Required Learning Resources and Activities
    • Read pages 3,6 and 10. (15 minutes)

      Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development2015

    • Read Section 8.2. (3 minutes)

      WHO

    • Read Points 7,8, 9 and 10 under the section "Strategic Resource Allocation: Guiding Principles and Perspectives" on pages 2, 3 & 4. (5 minutes)

      WHO2005

    • Read Section 3.1 "Resource Allocation in Public Health." (3 minutes)

      NCBI2016

    • Read the entire article. (25 minutes)

      International Journal of Health Sciences and Research 2019

    • Read the entire webpage. (8 minutes)

      The George Washington University School of Business2021

    • Read Chapter 5: Tools to Measure Performance. (20 minutes)

      The George Washington University2019

    • forum icon
      Activity 10: Measures of Performance (180 minutes) Forum

      In this activity, you will discuss which tools, principles, and measures of performance you will most likely use in your setting and which ones you already use.

      Step 1: Review and Identify

      Review the learning resources on measures of performance for health programs and policy development. Identify which measures are applicable to your setting and which are currently used in your setting.

      Step 2: Discuss

      In 300-400 words, write a discussion on the measures of performance. In your discussion, you should:

      • Briefly describe your setting
      • State which measures of performance are best suited for your setting
      • State which measures are currently used in your setting and how effective they are
      • Identify which other measures are not currently used in your setting and why
      • Identify which you think should be employed in your setting and why
      Step 3: Share

      To share your work, click on the “Add a new discussion topic” button under this post and paste your work in the “Message” box. “Post to forum.” Make sure to reference others’ intellectual property when necessary. All references should follow 7th Edition APA formatting. For further instructions, see the resource on the Himmelfarb Health Sciences Library: APA citation resource (N.B. references are excluded from word counts).

      OPTIONAL Step 4: Interact (10 minutes)

      If you would like to, you can reply to your peers' posts in a respectful and professional manner. Ensure that your post engages your peers' ideas by including a reflection on their comments, sharing ideas of other potential difficulties and parties involved, or asking thought-provoking questions. If a peer comments on your posting, please reply. To post a reply, click “Reply” on a particular discussion, write your feedback and then click on “Post to forum.”

      Not available unless: The activity Activity 9: Scenario Planning (180 minutes) is marked complete
    • quiz icon
      Quiz: Module 3

      To access the quiz, click on the name of the quiz provided above. On the following screen, click the Attempt Quiz button to view the case studies and respond to the questions.

      TO PASS THIS QUIZ YOU MUST OBTAIN A SCORE OF 80%.