Section: Module 2: Determinants of Rural Health | Rural Health and Aging | NextGenU.org
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Competency covered in this module: - Analyze the social and behavioral determinants of health equity at all ecological levels (individual through policy) applied in rural settings.
- Assess the impact of power and privilege on health inequity at the local, national, and global levels.
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Read the sections from "Introduction" to "Potential Rural Strategies." (22 minutes)
National Advisory Committee on Rural Health and Human Services-2017
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Overview and FAQ's : 3, 4, 5, 6, 8, 10, 11, 15, and 18. (26 minutes)
Rural Health Information Hub-2020
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Read the "Ecological Models" tab under Module 2: "Program Models" including examples of ecological models & considerations for implementations. View "PROJECT HEART" Model link for an actual ecological model on health promotion. (23 minutes)
Rural Health Information Hub-2018
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Read content under "Discussion." (16 minutes)
PubMed Journal Article-2012
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Read the content under the heading "Introduction" from page 1 to page 4. (10 minutes)
The National Academies Press-2018
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Read the content under "Introduction" in Chapter 1.1.5. on pages 57-58. (3 minutes)
WONCA Rural Education Guidebook-2014
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Read the content under "Abstract" and "Introduction." (7 minutes)
HHS Public Access-2011
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Read the content under the heading "Identifying Public Health Goals and Benefits for Elderly Populations." (7 minutes)
The Oxford Handbook of Public Health Ethics-2019
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Read the entire document. (18 minutes)
United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs-2018
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Read instructions for the peer activity. (20 minutes)
National Institute on Minority Health and Health Disparities.
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In this activity, you will revamp a bar graph to any form of visual (chart, infographic, slideshow) and present the following:
- Analysis of the burden of disease in people aged 60 years and older.
- Examples of how living in rural communities present challenges and opportunities to address health issues among older adults.
- Demonstration of how a specific health issue can be influenced at different ecological levels.
Step 1: Analyze
Analyze the leading contributors to the burden of disease in people aged 60 years and older in 2010. Take note of the following key features of the figure:
- Most prominent disease burden contributors in both low-income and high-income countries.
- Least prominent disease burden contributors in both low-income and high-income countries.
- Potential explanations for the most significant differences of disease burden contributors among low-income and high-income countries.
Step 2: Respond
From the data, choose one disease contributor and reflect on how the prominence of the disease can be influenced at all ecological levels - For example: how the prominence of cardiovascular disease can be influenced at the individual, population, and community levels.
Your ideas for how to respond to your selected health issue at each ecological level should be contextualized for older adults in a rural health community.
Step 3: Design
Select your preferred digital/non-digital tool to revamp the given graph to your chosen visual representation. Ensure that you also include the key features from Step 1 and your ideas from Step 2. You can use chart features of PowerPoint or visual design apps like Canva and Visme. Choose a visual type that will enhance the clarity of the data based on “rank” or “prominence.”
Step 4: Present
Present your visual analysis highlighting the key features from Step 1 and the ideas from Step 2. Record yourself or your screen using the online tool, Loom. If you are using PowerPoint, you may embed an audio recording in your presentation. The presentation should be of 3 - 5 minutes duration only.
Step 5: Share
To share your work, click on the “Reply” button under this post and paste the shareable public link of your work in the “Message” box. Make sure to reference others’ intellectual property when necessary. All references should follow 7th Edition APA formatting. For further instructions, see the resource on the Himmelfarb Health Sciences Library: APA citation resource (N.B. references are excluded from word counts).
Step 6: Interact
Evaluate and categorize the work from one of your peers based on items A - E of this rubric. Provide a rationale for the grade you provided, as well as comments or suggestions for improvement. To post a reply, click “Reply” on a particular discussion, write your feedback and then click on “Post to forum.” You can use the list below as an example:
Item A is .…. because…. My suggestions for improvement are….
Item B is .…. because…. My suggestions for improvement are….
Item C is .…. because…. My suggestions for improvement are….
Item D is .…. because…. My suggestions for improvement are….
Item E is .…. because…. My suggestions for improvement are….OPTIONAL Step 5: Interact (10 minutes)
If you would like to, you can reply to your peers' posts in a respectful and professional manner. Ensure that your post engages your peers' ideas by including a reflection on their comments, sharing ideas of other potential difficulties and parties involved, or asking thought-provoking questions. If a peer comments on your posting, please reply. To post a reply, click “Reply” on a particular discussion, write your feedback and then click on “Post to forum.”
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Read the entire article. (29 minutes)
African Health Sciences-2011
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Read the entire article. (19 minutes)
Wiley Public Health Emergency Collection-2020
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Read the entire article. (3 minutes)
World Health Organization-2021
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Read the entire document. (40 minutes)
United Nations Economic Commission for Europe-2017
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Read 1.3 Health Equity. (3 minutes)
International Journal of Maternal and Child Health and AIDS
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Read the first Frequently Asked Question (FAQ): What is the difference between health disparities and health inequities? (1 minute)
Rural Health Information Hub-2017
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Read the entire article. (12 minutes)
Public Health Reports-2014
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Read the content under the heading "How GH5050 Understands Power, Privilege & Priorities and Applies Them in This Report" on page 13. (2 minutes)
Editorial: Global Health
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Read the entire document. (11 minutes)
NHS Health Scotland-2016
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Read: What is the Significance of Morality and Ethics to the Rural Professional? (8 minutes)
Dartmouth College Press-2009
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Read pages 54-56, "Basic Ethical Principles as Essential Material for Your Peer Activity." (10 minutes)
Dartmouth College Press-2009
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Read pages 45-49 under "Human Rights, Ethics, and Principles of Public Health." (15 minutes)
Caribbean Public Health Agency-2019
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In this activity, you will reflect on how ethical principles govern the health and well-being of older adults in a rural population.
Reference Guide Link: Ethical Challenges in Pursuing Public Health Goals https://geiselmed.dartmouth.edu/cfm/resources/ethics/chapter-03.pdf
Step 1: Review
Read and review the four topic questions below. Select one to reflect on.
In the context of ethics:
Topic Question 1: Why should vaccinating older adults for COVID-19 be a top priority?
Topic Question 2: Why can the age of older adults be a reasonable criterion for ICU admission in times of scarce ICU capacity?
Topic Question 3: Why should denying treatment for a life-threatening condition be acceptable if it is an aged patient’s personal choice?
Topic Question 4: How can the ban on visiting nursing homes for the aged be justifiable in times of COVID-19 crisis?
Step 2: Respond
After reflecting on your chosen topic question, prepare a 300 - 500 word reflective argument based on the following ethical principles:
- Autonomy
- Justice
- Beneficence
- Non-maleficence
Please see the reference guide links above for more information about these ethical principles.
Step 3: Share
To share your work, click on the “Reply” button under this post and paste your work in the “Message” box. Make sure to reference others’ intellectual property when necessary. All references should follow 7th Edition APA formatting. For further instructions, see the resource on the Himmelfarb Health Sciences Library: APA citation resource (N.B. references are excluded from word counts).
Step 4: Interact
To complete the activity, you will need to reply to at least two posts made by your peers in a respectful and professional manner. Ensure that your post engages your peers' ideas by including a reflection on their comments, sharing ideas of other potential difficulties and parties involved, or asking thought-provoking questions. If a peer comments on your posting, please reply. To post a reply, click “Reply” on a particular discussion, write your feedback and then click on “post to forum.”
OPTIONAL Step 5: Interact (10 minutes)
If you would like to, you can reply to your peers' posts in a respectful and professional manner. Ensure that your post engages your peers' ideas by including a reflection on their comments, sharing ideas of other potential difficulties and parties involved, or asking thought-provoking questions. If a peer comments on your posting, please reply. To post a reply, click “Reply” on a particular discussion, write your feedback and then click on “Post to forum.”
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Quiz: Module 2
To access the quiz, click on the name of the quiz provided above. On the following screen, click the "Preview quiz now" button to respond to the questions.
TO PASS THIS QUIZ YOU MUST OBTAIN A SCORE OF 23/29.
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Watch the entire video. (17 minutes)
PAHO TV-2018
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Read the section titled "Ethical Challenges in Pursuing Public Health Goals" in the book as supplementary material for your peer activity. (12 minutes)
The Oxford Handbook of Public Health Ethics-2019
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Read content from "Findings" and stop before "Methodological Considerations." (28 minutes)
International Journal of Qualitative Studies in Health and Well Being-2012