Section: Module 4: Qualitative and Mixed Studies | Research Methods for Health Sciences | NextGenU.org

  • Instructional Goals covered in this module:

    • Develop a qualitative study design, including a strategy for sampling, data collection, and data analysis.
    • Module 4: Lesson 1: Qualitative Study Designs

      Student Learning Outcomes:

      • Describe the concept and defining characteristics of qualitative research.
      • Categorize the different qualitative study designs (grounded theory, ethnography, phenomenology, participatory action research, case study, and historical studies).
      • Discuss the strengths and weaknesses of qualitative research.
      • Determine an appropriate qualitative design to address a given research question.

      Approximate time required to complete the readings (at 144 words/minute) and assignments for this module: 6 hours and 16 minutes.

      Required Learning Resources and Activities
    • Read the entire document. (21 minutes)

      Public Health U - 2020

    • Read the entire article. (21 minutes)

      Geriatrics, Gerontology and Aging - 2017

    • Read section: Types of Qualitative Research Designs. (10 minutes)

      International Journal of Preventive Medicine - 2021

    • Read entire page. (12 minutes)

      Australian Institute of Family Services - 2015

    • Read Section: 3. Qualitative Research Approaches and Methods. (12 minutes)

      Journal of Education and Learning: Canadian Center of Science and Education - 2016

    • For this activity, you will analyse a given set of research questions, discussing the strengths and weaknesses of studying the question with at least 2 types of qualitative research designs.

      Step 1: Review

      Review the learning resources for this lesson.

      Step 2: Analyze

      Analyze the following research questions:

      1. How do cancer survivors perceive their quality of life after chemotherapy and radiation treatment?
      2. Does early intervention in obese children result in healthy body weight as adults?
      3. Is vaccine hesitancy more prevalent among immigrant populations in rural areas?
      4. Do mental health disorders increase with substance abuse? 

      Step 3: Respond

      • Select one question from the list above.
      • Write a post of 250-350 words in which you:
      1. Choose at least 2 types of qualitative study designs (phenomenology, grounded theory, case study, ethnography, participant action research, historical study) that can be used to answer this question.
      2. Discuss the strengths and weaknesses of utilizing each study design to answer the research question.

      Step 4: Share

      To share your work, click on the “Reply” button under this post and paste your work in the “Message” box. Make sure to reference others’ intellectual property when necessary. All references should follow 7th Edition APA formatting. For further instructions, see the resource on the Himmelfarb Health Sciences Library: APA citation resource (N.B. references are excluded from word counts).

      OPTIONAL Step 5: Interact (10 minutes)

      If you would like to, you can reply to your peers' posts in a respectful and professional manner. Ensure that your post engages your peers' ideas by including a reflection on their comments, sharing ideas of other potential difficulties and parties involved, or asking thought-provoking questions. If a peer comments on your posting, please reply. To post a reply, click “Reply” on a particular discussion, write your feedback and then click on “Post to forum.”


    • In this activity, you will start working on the qualitative component of your research proposal. You will select a study design from the ones addressed in this lesson to study your qualitative research questions.

      Step 1: Review

      Review the research questions which you wrote in Module 2 Lesson 1. Select the qualitative question(s).

      Step 2: Respond

      Choose the best qualitative study design which will help you to answer the question(s). Write a 200-350 word post in which you:

      • Summarize the selected design
      • Give a rationale for its selection

      Step 3: Self-Analysis and Enhancement

      Before you submit, engage in an introspective self-analysis by systematically reviewing each component of your work. Reflect on what aspects of your work were executed well and what could be enhanced. Proceed to refine these elements in your work.

      Step 4: Submit

      To submit your work, click on the “Reply” button under this post and paste your work in the “Message” box. Make sure to reference others’ intellectual property when necessary. All references should follow 7th Edition APA formatting. For further instructions, see the resource on the Himmelfarb Health Sciences Library: APA citation resource (N.B. references are excluded from word counts). 

      OPTIONAL Step 5: Interact (10 minutes)

      If you would like to, you can reply to your peers' posts in a respectful and professional manner. Ensure that your post engages your peers' ideas by including a reflection on their comments, sharing ideas of other potential difficulties and parties involved, or asking thought-provoking questions. If a peer comments on your posting, please reply. To post a reply, click “Reply” on a particular discussion, write your feedback and then click on “Post to forum.”


    • Module 4: Lesson 2: Sampling and Data Collection for Qualitative Research

      Student Learning Outcomes:

      • Describe the common sampling strategies for qualitative research (purposeful, convenience, snowballing, quota).
      • Explain the common qualitative research methods (interviews, focus groups, observation, document reviews, and visual methods).
      • Determine the sampling and data collection methods to address a given research question.

      Approximate time required to complete the readings (at 144 words/minute) and assignments for this module: 2 hours and 48 minutes.

      Required Learning Resources and Activities
    • Read pages 1-3 from "Introduction" to "Purposive Sampling Methods". (14 minutes)

      American Journal of Theoretical and Applied Statistics - 2015

    • Read content under "Introduction" and "On Snowball Sampling". (10 minutes)

      PLoS One - 2018

    • Read content under Non-probability Sampling and Types of Non-probability sampling. (12 minutes)

      Radford University - 2021

    • Watch the entire video. (12 minutes)

      Center for Research Quality - 2015

    • In this activity, you will continue working on the qualitative component of your proposal by defining a sampling and data collection method that matches your preferred study design.

      Step 1: Review

      Review the learning resources for this lesson.

      Step 2: Respond

      Recalling the qualitative research questions and objectives already designed, write a post of 150-250 words, in which you explain:

      • Sampling strategy 
      • Sample size and justification
      • Data collection method

      Step 3: Self-Analysis and Enhancement

      Before you submit, engage in an introspective self-analysis by systematically reviewing each component of your work. Reflect on what aspects of your work were executed well and what could be enhanced. Proceed to refine these elements in your work.

      Step 4: Submit

      To submit your work, click on the “Reply” button under this post and paste your work in the “Message” box. Make sure to reference others’ intellectual property when necessary. All references should follow 7th Edition APA formatting. For further instructions, see the resource on the Himmelfarb Health Sciences Library: APA citation resource (N.B. references are excluded from word counts).

      OPTIONAL Step 5: Interact (10 minutes)

      If you would like to, you can reply to your peers' posts in a respectful and professional manner. Ensure that your post engages your peers' ideas by including a reflection on their comments, sharing ideas of other potential difficulties and parties involved, or asking thought-provoking questions. If a peer comments on your posting, please reply. To post a reply, click “Reply” on a particular discussion, write your feedback and then click on “Post to forum.”


    • Module 4: Lesson 3: Qualitative Data Analysis

      Student Learning Outcomes:

      • Describe the concept and defining characteristics of qualitative data analysis.
      • Describe the main approaches to qualitative data analysis (deductive, inductive, thematic, and content analysis).
      • Determine a qualitative data analysis strategy to address a given research question.

      Approximate time required to complete the readings (at 144 words/minute) and assignments for this module: 4 hours and 23 minutes.

      Required Learning Resources and Activities
    • Read from the content under the heading "Research Designs" on page 365 to the heading "Mixed Methods" on page 369. (22 minutes)

      Sage Publishing - 2014

    • Read the entire page. (4 minutes)

      NSW government website - 2020

    • Read content under "Data Analysis". (11 minutes)

      Qualitative Research Journal - 2018

    • Read from "Introduction" to "When to use thematic analysis". (12 minutes)

      Medical Teacher - 2020

    • Read the entire page. (14 minutes)

      Columbia Public Health - 2021

    • For this activity, you will select a data analysis strategy for the qualitative component of your proposal and provide a justification/rationale.

      Step 1: Review

      Review the learning resources for this lesson.

      Step 2: Respond

      Based on your qualitative research questions, select the most appropriate data analysis strategy/strategies and write a 200-350 word post in which you include:

      • The type of data to be collected
      • The strategy/strategies you will use to analyse it
      • A justification for your selection.

      Step 3: Self-Analysis and Enhancement

      Before you submit, engage in an introspective self-analysis by systematically reviewing each component of your work. Reflect on what aspects of your work were executed well and what could be enhanced. Proceed to refine these elements in your work.

      Step 4: Submit

      To submit your work, click on the “Reply” button under this post and paste your work in the “Message” box. Make sure to reference others’ intellectual property when necessary. All references should follow 7th Edition APA formatting. For further instructions, see the resource on the Himmelfarb Health Sciences Library: APA citation resource (N.B. references are excluded from word counts).}

      OPTIONAL Step 5: Interact (10 minutes)

      If you would like to, you can reply to your peers' posts in a respectful and professional manner. Ensure that your post engages your peers' ideas by including a reflection on their comments, sharing ideas of other potential difficulties and parties involved, or asking thought-provoking questions. If a peer comments on your posting, please reply. To post a reply, click “Reply” on a particular discussion, write your feedback and then click on “Post to forum.”

    • Module 4: Lesson 4: Mixed Methods Research

      Student Learning Outcomes:

      • Describe what is meant by mixed research methods.
      • Identify the characteristics of common mixed research designs (convergent, sequential, triangulation, explanatory, exploratory, embedded).
      • Outline the advantages and shortcomings of employing mixed method designs.

      Approximate time required to complete the readings (at 144 words/minute) and assignments for this module: 2 hours and 50 minutes.

      Required Learning Resources and Activities
    • Read Section 2: Mixed Method Research Defined. (5 minutes)

      International Journal of Science and Research (IJSR) - 2013

    • Read the entire document. (22 minutes)

      Public Health U - 2020

    • Read Sections 4,5,6 of the paper. (8 minutes)

      Journal of Literature, Languages and Linguistics - 2019

    • Based on your experience working on the peer activities so far, for this activity, you will provide 3 advantages and 3 disadvantages of using a mixed methods approach.

      Step 1: Review

      Review the resources from this lesson, particularly this article.

      Step 2: Respond

      Write a post of 150-250 words in which you discuss:

      • 3 advantages of using a mixed method approach
      • 3 disadvantages of using a mixed method approach

      Step 3: Share

      To share your work, click on the “Reply” button under this post and paste your work in the “Message” box. Make sure to reference others’ intellectual property when necessary. All references should follow 7th Edition APA formatting. For further instructions, see the resource on the Himmelfarb Health Sciences Library: APA citation resource (N.B. references are excluded from word counts).

      OPTIONAL Step 4: Interact (10 minutes)

      If you would like to, you can reply to your peers' posts in a respectful and professional manner. Ensure that your post engages your peers' ideas by including a reflection on their comments, sharing ideas of other potential difficulties and parties involved, or asking thought-provoking questions. If a peer comments on your posting, please reply. To post a reply, click “Reply” on a particular discussion, write your feedback and then click on “Post to forum.”

    • quiz icon
      Quiz: Module 4

      To access the quiz, click on the name of the quiz provided above. On the following screen, click the "Preview quiz now" button to respond to the questions.

      TO PASS THIS QUIZ, YOU MUST OBTAIN A SCORE OF 12/15 

      Not available unless: The activity Quiz: Module 3 is complete and passed