Section: Module 5: Literature Reviews and Critical Appraisals of Research | Research Methods for Health Sciences | NextGenU.org

  • Instructional Goals covered in this module:

    • Appraise the importance and application of literature reviews for health sciences research.
    • Conduct a systematic search and critical appraisal of research.
    • Module 5: Lesson 1: Types and steps of Literature Reviews

      Student Learning Outcomes:

      • Explain the narrative, scoping, and systematic reviews of literature and meta-analysis.
      • Differentiate the types of systematic reviews and their importance (Rapid review, Narrative review, Meta-analysis, Mixed methods/mixed studies)
      • Explain the steps to conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis.
      • Reflect on the contributions of each type of review for the advancement of health sciences research.

      Approximate time required to complete the readings (at 144 words/minute) and assignments for this module: 4 hours and 48 minutes.

      Required Learning Resources and Activities
    • Watch the entire video. (10 minutes)

      National Collaborating Centre for Methods and Tools - 2016

    • Read whole article. (31 minutes)

      BMC Medical Research - 2018

    • Read the entire document. (16 minutes)

      Public Health U - 2020

    • Read the entire page. (7 minutes)

      Duke University: Medical City Library

    • Read the entire document. (10 minutes)

      Canadian Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry - 2011

    • Read the entire article. (14 minutes)

      Temple University - 2021

    • For this activity, you will use one of the quantitative and qualitative research questions developed in your previous peer activities. For each question, you will write a short reflective paragraph on how each type of literature review addressed in the module could help answer the research question (narrative, scoping, systematic review, meta-analysis).

      Step 1: Review

      Review the learning resources for this lesson.

      Step 2: Respond

      For each of your research questions, write a paragraph of between 100-200 words in which you reflect on how each of the types of literature reviews can help you to answer the research question.

      Step 3: Share

      To share your work, click on the “Reply” button under this post and paste your work in the “Message” box. Make sure to reference others’ intellectual property when necessary. All references should follow 7th Edition APA formatting. For further instructions, see the resource on the Himmelfarb Health Sciences Library: APA citation resource (N.B. references are excluded from word counts).

      OPTIONAL Step 4: Interact (10 minutes)

      If you would like to, you can reply to your peers' posts in a respectful and professional manner. Ensure that your post engages your peers' ideas by including a reflection on their comments, sharing ideas of other potential difficulties and parties involved, or asking thought-provoking questions. If a peer comments on your posting, please reply. To post a reply, click “Reply” on a particular discussion, write your feedback and then click on “Post to forum.”

    • Module 5: Lesson 2: The Systematic Search and Critical Appraisal of Research

      Student Learning Outcomes:

      • Understand the concept and defining characteristics of systematic searches.
      • Explain the steps and best practices to conduct a systematic search.
      • Apply the techniques for a systematic search for the research question of interest.
      • Describe the importance of critical appraisal of research.
      • Describe the commonly used tools for critical appraisal of research (CASP and JAMA).
      • Reporting a critical appraisal and systematic review in general.
      • Apply the tools to critically appraise a research paper.

      Approximate time required to complete the readings (at 144 words/minute) and assignments for this module: 4 hours and 23 minutes.

      Required Learning Resources and Activities
    • Read this section of the document: CREATING A SYSTEMATIC SEARCH STRATEGY. (26 minutes)

      Journal of the Medical Library Association - 2018

    • Read the section: Why is critical appraisal needed? (2 minutes)

      The Royal College of Surgeons of England - 2017

    • Read the entire page. (20 minutes)

      University of South Australia

    • For this activity, you will conduct a systematic search based on one of your research questions and  share the results within the platform (process and databases employed, search terms, number of results).

      After completing the systematic search, you will then select a research paper from the results. Based on the tools studied in the module, you will identify an appropriate tool to assess the paper and provide a rationale for using that particular tool. 

      Step 1: Review

      Review the learning resources for this module.

      Step 2: Search

      Assume you are doing a systematic review as part of your thesis:

      • Select a research question of your preference and design search terms to conduct a systematic search. Make sure that the terms make good use of operators such as (), AND, OR, “”, and others.
      • Select at least two databases of your preference. You can use open databases such as ERIC, PubMed, or Google Scholar.
      • Insert your search terms, assess the results, and make adjustments to the terms until you feel satisfied with the number and quality of results obtained.

      Step 3: Assess

      From your results, select any research paper of your preference and get ready to make a critical appraisal.

      • Choose a tool/checklist to assess the paper. Feel free to use the tools mentioned in the course readings or identify any other of your preference.
      • Use your selected tool to assess the paper.

      Step 4: Report

      Prepare a 400-700 word report in which you include details under the following headings:

      1. Systematic Search
        1. Research Question
        2. Search Process utilized (logical and clear)
        3. Database(s) used
        4. Search Terms used
        5. Number of results obtained in each database
      2. Critical Appraisal
        1. Write a rationale for your tool selection and the main observations you have made about the paper. Make sure to include positive and negative aspects.

      Step 5: Self-Analysis and Enhancement

      Before you submit, engage in an introspective self-analysis by systematically reviewing each component of your work. Reflect on what aspects of your work were executed well and what could be enhanced. Proceed to refine these elements in your work.

      Step 6: Submit

      To submit your work, click on the “Reply” button under this post and paste your work in the “Message” box. Make sure to reference others’ intellectual property when necessary. All references should follow 7th Edition APA formatting. For further instructions, see the resource on the Himmelfarb Health Sciences Library: APA citation resource (N.B. references are excluded from word counts).

      OPTIONAL Step 7: Interact (10 minutes)

      If you would like to, you can reply to your peers' posts in a respectful and professional manner. Ensure that your post engages your peers' ideas by including a reflection on their comments, sharing ideas of other potential difficulties and parties involved, or asking thought-provoking questions. If a peer comments on your posting, please reply. To post a reply, click “Reply” on a particular discussion, write your feedback and then click on “Post to forum.”


    • quiz icon
      Quiz: Module 5

      To access the quiz, click on the name of the quiz provided above. On the following screen, click the "Preview quiz now" button to respond to the questions.

      TO PASS THIS QUIZ, YOU MUST OBTAIN A SCORE OF 12/15 

      Not available unless: The activity Quiz: Module 4 is complete and passed