Section: Module 6: Lesson 1: Communication Strategies | Substance Use Disorders in Primary Care | NextGenU.org

  • Learning Objectives:

    Upon completion of this module, students should be able to:

    • Demonstrate how to use simple and clear language.
    • Demonstrate how to ask the person for his or her own understanding of the condition.
    • Understand how to provide information to the person on their health status in terms that they can understand.
    • Understand that you must be friendly, respectful, and nonjudgmental at all times.
    • Understand that communication is clear, empathic, and sensitive to age, gender, culture, and language differences.
    • Demonstrate how to respond to the disclosure of private and distressing information (e.g. regarding sexual assault or self-harm) with sensitivity.
    • Identify the typical families' reaction to knowledge of substance use issues in a family member.
    • Demonstrate how to gain the consent of the person to keep carers informed about the person’s health status, including issues related to assessment, treatment, follow-up, and any potential side effects.
    Approximate time required for the readings for this lesson (at 144 words/minute): 2 hours.

    Click here to start this lesson

    • Required Learning Resources and Activities
    • Read the entire article titled "Patient-Physician Communication: Why and How." Focus on the section titled "How to Communicate with Patients."

    • In this chapter from the WHO, scroll down and read the "Interventions" section (pp. 159 - 163), which reviews various ways to communicate information in relation to smoking cessation. The section on women's issues in relation to smoking cessation is supplementary (pp. 166 - 170).

    • Read this entire resource, which covers how to talk to children of adults who drink too much. The way the questions are answered in the resource can be applied to other types of substance use as well (besides alcohol), providing that the relevant information for the substance is given instead. You should have become more familiar with the relevant information about the other substances as you have progressed through this NextGenU training. When treating someone with psychoactive substance use disorder, address the families’, caregivers’, and children's questions and concerns, and involve them in the care plan and support when the patient has provided their consent (as needed).

    • For this resource titled "Parental Substance Misuse" we recommend that you click on text only button at the bottom of the webpage. Use the full audio-visual version only if you have a sufficient Internet connection, and then click on the various pictures to hear the participants speak rather than reading the transcripts.

      Review "Section Five: Relationships with Family" by clicking on the blue tile with that title. In the text only version, read all pages by clicking next on each one. On p. 2 (see the bottom right corner), click on the various links for the various transcripts. Please note that each parent's reaction is not right or wrong. This resource does not cover how you can support the families of those who care about someone with a substance use issue, it simply explains that they benefit from support.  It is very important that you do not judge how the family or others are reacting. The best conduct to adopt is that of empathy and a sharing of scientific information about substances. The sharing of personal information of patients outside of the circle of professional care may be done only with the consent of the patient, as explained in prior modules. 

    • On this website titled "Talking to Patients About Sensitive Topics" scroll down to the heading "Resource Materials" and download 'Powerpoint Slides' (4.2MB). This version has lecture notes. Review slides 1-19, 23-39 and 44-58, and be sure to read the speaker notes as well. The rest of the slides are supplementary and not necessary for this training.

    • In this exercise, you will practice effectively communicating with patients and their families/caregivers. 

      Step 1: Form groups of three with two of your fellow NextGenU trainees. Using the sample case scenarios from the WHO (Appendix 1, p. 41), perform the following simulation. 

        • One peer simulates the patient. 
        • One peer simulates the practitioner. 
        • One peer simulates the family member/caregiver. 
      Keep in mind the communication considerations discussed in this module, including the address, assess, and advise model in relation to the patient’s substance use. 

      "Healthcare Practitioner": 
      1. Use simple and clear language 
      2. Ask the person for his or her own understanding of the condition 
      3. Provide information to the person on their health status in terms that they can understand 
      4. Understand that you must be friendly, respectful, and nonjudgmental at all times 
      5. Ensure that communication is clear, empathic, and sensitive to age, gender, culture, and language differences
      "Patient and family member/caregiver": 
      Observe the practitioner's communication with the five items listed above in mind, and provide feedback.

      Step 2: Discuss the performance together. Use the following questions to help guide your discussion. 
      1. How do you rate the performance of the ‘practitioner’? 
      2. Did s/he give adequate advice to the patient? 
      3. In which areas has s/he excelled? 
      4. In which areas does s/he need improvement? 
      5. If you were playing the role of the ‘practitioner’ what might you have done differently? 
      Step 3: Repeat this simulation activity so that each participant has the opportunity to simulate the role of the provider. Repeat this activity until each learner has successfully demonstrated the five criteria listed in step one. 

    • To access the quiz, click on the name of the quiz provided above. On the following screen, click the "Preview quiz now" button to respond to the questions

    • Additional Learning Options
    • Scroll down in Chapter 7 titled "Counseling Clients With HIV And Substance Abuse Disorders" and examine Figure 7-3: Guidelines To Minimize Cultural Clashes".  This box reviews tips on how to avoid cultural clashes when communicating with people of other cultures.